Malaria remains a major public health challenge, particularly among pregnant women in endemic regions, due to its contribution to maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study seeks to examine the knowledge and risk factors associated with the spread of malaria infection among pregnant women in Bwari Area Council, Abuja. The study investigates pregnant women’s awareness of malaria transmission, symptoms, preventive measures, and the influence of environmental and socioeconomic determinants on infection risk. The study is anchored in the Health Belief Model and employed a cross-sectional survey design. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 272 pregnant women and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Findings revealed that 64.7% of respondents identified mosquito bites as the primary mode of malaria transmission, knowledge of symptoms and preventive measures, including the use of insecticide-treated nets, was limited. Environmental and socio-economic factors, such as living near stagnant water and poor housing conditions, were identified as major risk factors, and adherence to preventive measures remained moderate. A moderate positive correlation (r = 0.58) between malaria knowledge and awareness of risk factors. The study concludes that gaps persist in understanding and applying malaria prevention strategies and recommends targeted health education, environmental interventions, and community outreach to improve the adoption of effective malaria control practices