Jharkhand, a state in eastern India, is a treasure trove of traditional ethnomedicinal knowledge with unique collection of medicinal plants and practices that have been used for centuries to treat a range of ailments, including fever, skin conditions, respiratory troubles, and digestive difficulties. The local indigenous people have accumulated a wealth of knowledge on the preservation and application of medicinal herbs, accumulated through years of observation, practice, and inheritance. This medicinal knowledge helps them to develop extremely effective and significantly less expensive treatments than modern treatments. This study focuses on the efficacy of herbal remedies from 82 medicinal plants and 105 medicine preparations for various diseases. The herbal compositions, based on plant parts, such as roots, leaves, bark, fruits, seeds, and stems, or the complete plant, are used to treat ailments with minimal side effects. By documenting and analyzing these traditional remedies for various health conditions, this research aims to promote the preservation and recognition of Jharkhand’s traditional ethno-medicinal knowledge.