Fire outbreaks continue to pose significant threats to educational institutions, resulting in loss of lives, destruction of infrastructure, disruption of academic activities, and substantial economic losses. Conventional fire detection systems often suffer from delayed response times, limited monitoring capabilities, and the inability to provide real-time notifications, thereby reducing their effectiveness in emergencies. This study proposes a campus fire detection framework using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) and Internet of Things (IoT) technology for tertiary institutions in Sokoto State, Nigeria. The proposed system integrates multiple environmental sensors, including smoke, temperature, and flame sensors, with IoT communication technologies to facilitate continuous environmental monitoring, early fire detection, and real-time alert dissemination. A Design Science Research approach was adopted to develop the framework, while simulationbased evaluation was employed to assess system performance using metrics such as detection accuracy, response time, reliability, false alarm rate, and network efficiency. The simulation results demonstrated that the proposed framework achieved a detection accuracy of 97.8%, an average response time of 2.8 seconds, an overall reliability of 98.1%, and a false alarm rate of 2.2%. Comparative analysis with existing fire detection systems indicated improved performance in terms of timely detection and emergency response capabilities. The findings suggest that integrating IoT and WSN technologies offers an effective and scalable solution for enhancing campus fire safety management. The proposed framework has the potential to strengthen emergency preparedness, minimize fire-related losses, and support the development of smart and safer educational environments within tertiary institutions in Sokoto State.