Pain persists as a multifaceted clinical challenge that profoundly affects patients' comfort, recovery, and quality of life. Nurses, positioned at the forefront of care delivery, are pivotal in conducting pain assessments, administering pharmacological treatments, and implementing non-pharmacological strategies. This study evaluated nurses' knowledge, assessment techniques, and pain management practices in selected hospitals in Lagos State. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional design, data were gathered from 74 registered nurses via a structured, self-administered questionnaire. Analysis utilized descriptive and inferential statistics at a significance level of 0.05. Results indicated robust knowledge of pain management principles, with all 74 (100%) participants recognizing the value of standardized assessments and patient selfreports as dependable measures. The Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) emerged as the predominant assessment tools. Pharmacological interventions were commonly implemented, as 61 (82.9%) adhered routinely to the WHO analgesic ladder. Non-pharmacological approaches, including cold/warm compresses (41; 54.9%), relaxation techniques (32; 42.7%), and patient education (41; 54.9%), were employed but with lesser consistency. Key barriers encompassed insufficient staffing, excessive workload, and restricted analgesic availability. A significant association existed between years of experience and utilization of both pharmacological and nonpharmacological pain management methods. The study concludes that nurses exhibit strong knowledge and effective practices, yet institutional limitations impede optimal execution. Recommendations include prioritizing recurrent training, sufficient staffing, and enhanced analgesic procurement to bolster evidence-based pain management and improve patient outcomes.